Studies related to these four programs include fundamental and applied studies on the management of soil resources for crop and animal production, soil fertility and nutrient management, pest control management, chemical use in agriculture and food quality, effects of weather and climate on agricultural production, soil erosion, tillage practices, precision agriculture, pesticide fate in the environment, environmental monitoring, manure and waste management, remediation of contaminated or degraded soils, land use suitability assessment, soil genesis and classification, soil mineralogy, soil microbiology and biochemistry, soil and pesticide chemistry, soil physics and agrometeorology.

Graduate students are required to obtain a comprehensive knowledge of soil science, but the department permits considerable variation in the selection of courses depending on the background of the student and the particular area of specialization. Graduates with knowledge or a major in soil science have had excellent career opportunities with agribusiness, environmental land use agencies or firms, and regulatory agencies. M.Sc. and Ph.D. graduates are employed in land inventory activities, research in the various areas of fundamental and applied soil science, environmental consulting and extension.

Fields of Research
Research interests of academic staff in the Department of Soil Science includes transport and transformation of organic and inorganic chemicals in soil, agrometeorological modelling of crop and agricultural processes and impacts of climate change, soil ecology and biochemistry, agricultural pesticides and sustainable agriculture, soil fertility, soil chemistry and mineralogy, landscape ecology and land resource management, manure management, greenhouse gas dynamics, forest fires, nutrient dynamics and chemistry of soil fertility.

Research Facilities
The Department of Soil Science and its research facilities are located in the Ellis Building. Facilities within the department include excellent instrumentation to measure soil physical, chemical and biological characteristics, and to quantify soil nutrient and pesticide residue levels in soil extracts and water samples. The department conducts field-based research at a number of locations, both in the province and beyond, in collaboration with scientists from other universities and federal and provincial organizations. Within the department, full-time technicians add quality assurance and quality control to the research programs, and provide a positive effect on the training of students. In addition, the department has the opportunity to share research facilities with other departments within the university and at several locations throughout the province.

M.Sc. in Soil Science

Admission
Admission requirements are those of the Faculty of Graduate Studies found in the Graduate Studies Regulations Section of this Calendar.

Application Deadlines

Start Date	Canadian/U.S.	Non-Canadian/U.S.
September	June 1	March 1
January	October 1	July 1
May	February 1	November 1
July	April 1	January 1

Please send applications to: Terry Ramm, University of Manitoba, Department of Soil Science, 362 Ellis Building, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.

Program Requirements
In addition to the minimum course requirements of the Faculty of Graduate Studies found in the Graduate Studies Regulations Section of this calendar, a "B" is the minimum passing grade in the major subject area.

Second language reading requirement: none

Expected time to graduation: two years

Ph.D. in Soil Science

Admission
Admission requirements are those of the Faculty of Graduate Studies found in the Graduate Studies Regulations Section of this Calendar.

Application Deadlines

Start Date	Canadian/U.S.	Non-Canadian/U.S.
September	June 1	March 1
January	October 1	July 1
May	February 1	November 1
July	April 1	January 1

Please send applications to: Terry Ramm, University of Manitoba, Department of Soil Science, 362 Ellis Building, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.

Program Requirements
In addition to the minimum course requirements of the Faculty of Graduate Studies found in the Graduate Studies Regulations Section of this Calendar, a "B" is the minimum passing grade in the major subject area.

Second language reading requirement: none

Expected time to graduation: three years

Course Descriptions
At the time of printing of the 2007-2008 Graduate Calendar and Registration Guide, the Department of Soil Science was in the process of modifying their course offerings. Please consult the department website for up-to-date course offering information. http://umanitoba.ca/afs/soil_science/

SOIL 7100 Soil Physical Chemistry Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.710) Topics of discussion: ionic equilibria, ion exchange and ionic transport including soil-plant relationships. Offered in 2008/09 and alternate years.

SOIL 7110 Soil Physics I - General Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.711) First and second laws of thermodynamics, Darcy's law, saturated and unsaturated flow, simulation modeling of moisture movement, soil aeration, water availability to seeds, strength properties of unsaturated soils. Offered in 2007/08 and alternate years.

SOIL 7120 Soil Physics II Special Problems Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.712) Each student will be required to prepare a comprehensive review of literature on an assigned topic and present a seminar. In addition, each student will conduct a minor research project and submit a written report on the project. Currently not offered.

SOIL 7130 Soil Chemistry Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.713) Chemical equilibria and soil solution chemistry; surface chemistry and solid-solution reactions; mineral structure, colloid chemistry and analytical techniques; fate of nutrients and pollutants; reactions of fertilizers. Offered in 2007/08 and alternate years.

SOIL 7140 Soil Nitrogen Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.714) Discussion of organic and inorganic nitrogen in soils, nitrogen fixation, mineralization, nitrification, denitrification, and plant availability of soil nitrogen. Students will be required to review literature on assigned topics. Offered in 2007/08 and alternate years.

SOIL 7170 Agricultural Micrometeorology Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.717) Discussion of mass and energy transport in the boundary layer, evaporation and transpiration of water, light absorption and transmission of carbon dioxide in plant canopies and climate change impacts on micrometeorological processes. Prerequisite: SOIL 3060 (or 040.306) and/or consent of instructor. Offered in 2008/09 and alternate years.

SOIL 7180 Environmental Chemistry of Pesticides and Related Compounds Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.718) Pesticide chemodynamics, biological and non-biological transformations of pesticides in water, soil and biota, bioaccumulation and food chain distribution of pesticides and related xenobiotics and environmental fate models will be discussed. Prerequisite: SOIL 7150 (or 040.715) or consent of instructor. Offered in 2008/09 and alternate years.

SOIL 7210 Topics in Soil Fertility Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.721) Advanced study of behaviour and crop requirements for selected nutrients (except for nitrogen, as covered in SOIL 7140 (or 040.714)). Students will be required to review literature and prepare seminars on assigned topics. Prerequisites: SOIL 4520 (or 040.452) or consent of instructor. Offered in 2008/09 and alternate years.

SOIL 7220 Principles of Scientific Research and Communication Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.722) Principles of scientific research; management skills; writing skills; oral and poster presentation; preparation of research proposal and thesis (pass/fail). These topics will focus on aspects of soil science and will give students experience in writing and presenting scientific material to increase their professionalism as soil scientists. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor.

SOIL 7230 Topics in Landscape and Processes I Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.723) An examination of methods of landscape characterization and of landscape processes, their impacts, interactions and modelling. Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. Offered in 2008/09 and alternate years.

SOIL 7240 Topics in Landscape Processes II Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.724) A continuation of SOIL 7230 (or 040.723). Prerequisite: Consent of instructor. Offered in 2007/08 and alternate years.

SOIL 7250 Topics in Soil Science Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.725) Several courses in soil science are sectioned into modules. Modules of one credit hour on special topics are also available. Students may select three modules from the various courses or from special topics for SOIL 7250.

SOIL 7260 Pesticide Residues in Food, Water and Soil Cr.Hrs.3 (Formerly 040.726) Discussion and application of research protocols for examining pesticide fate in the environment and for quantifying pesticide residues in food, water and soil. Prerequisite: consent of instructor. Currently not offered.

SOIL 7270 Advanced Soil Ecology Cr. Hrs. 3 Examines the role of soil organisms and their communities in decomposition, elemental cycling, and pathogen/pest suppression in managed and natural soil systems. Understand methods of studying biochemical activity and communities in soil. Take a specific research topic of choice and develop an understanding of the organisms and communities, environmental controls of key biological processes involved and apply your knowledge to resolving a specific research issue. Not to be held with SOIL 7200 (040.720).